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11.
We investigate the statistics of polymer capture by a nanopore using Brownian dynamics simulations. It is found that when the velocity flux is greater than a critical velocity flux, the capture picture is a random selection process, otherwise it tends to a statistical process governed by energetic considerations. In addition, the chain ends capture probability decreases as the chain length increases and satisfies a power-law scaling of P0(N)~N-0.8. 相似文献
12.
Crisólogo Dolores-Flores Martha Iris Rivera-López Javier García-García 《International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science & Technology》2019,50(3):369-389
This paper reports the results of a research exploring the mathematical connections of pre-university students while they solving tasks which involving rates of change. We assume mathematical connections as a cognitive process through which a person finds real relationships between two or more ideas, concepts, definitions, theorems, procedures, representations or meanings or with other disciplines or the real-world. Four tasks were proposed to the 33 pre-university students that participated in this research; the central concept of the first task is the slope, the last three tasks contain concepts like velocity, speed and acceleration. Task-based interviews were conducted to collect data and later analysed with thematic analysis. Results showed most of the students made mathematical connections of the procedural type, the mathematical connections of the common features type are made in smaller quantities and the mathematical connection of the generalization type is scarcely made. Furthermore, students considered slope as a concept disconnected from velocity, speed and acceleration. 相似文献
13.
A shock wave that is characterized by sharp physical gradients always draws the medium out of equilibrium. In this work, both hydrodynamic and thermodynamic nonequilibrium effects around the shock wave are investigated using a discrete Boltzmann model. Via Chapman–Enskog analysis, the local equilibrium and nonequilibrium velocity distribution functions in one-, two-, and three-dimensional velocity space are recovered across the shock wave. Besides, the absolute and relative deviation degrees are defined in order to describe the departure of the fluid system from the equilibrium state. The local and global nonequilibrium effects, nonorganized energy, and nonorganized energy flux are also investigated. Moreover, the impacts of the relaxation frequency, Mach number, thermal conductivity, viscosity, and the specific heat ratio on the nonequilibrium behaviours around shock waves are studied. This work is helpful for a deeper understanding of the fine structures of shock wave and nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. 相似文献
14.
采用超声水浸聚焦斜入射方式进行小棒材表面、近表缺陷检测时,声波在水/棒和棒/缺陷界面会发生反射、折射、散射、衍射及波形转换等一系列物理变换。此时缺陷可检性对声波入射条件十分敏感,常出现由于检测条件设置不当而导致缺陷漏检、误检的情况。为解决这一问题,本文针对小棒材超声斜入射检测中的主要参数——入射角和水距,开展声场及缺陷声响应仿真,研究检测参数对不同部位缺陷检测能力的影响,并对仿真结果进行试验验证。通过研究得到了检测水距、入射角度对缺陷检测能力的影响,并得到最优检测条件。试验验证结果表明研究制定的检测方案可有效检测出表面、近表面裂纹缺陷。 相似文献
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古镇作为集自然景观与人文景观一体的景区,具有丰富的声音类型。本研究以大研古镇为例,通过实地调研探究不同声音偏好的游客对古镇声景观的主观评价差异。基于游客的声音偏好,将游客分为偏爱自然声和偏爱人工声两大类。通过因子分析提取游客声景观主观评价的5个主因子:大小、音质、效价、偏好和唤醒。进一步分析发现,这5个因子具有一定的层级性,其中从大小到唤醒代表声景观评价从声音的物理属性向声音的联想评价逐级提升。其中在低层级评价(大小、音质)中,偏好自然声的游客和偏好人工声的游客无显著差异,低层级评价具有稳定性;而在高层级评价(效价、偏好和唤醒)中,偏好人工声的游客更关注古镇声景观的淳朴性和遗产性。因此,游客对声景观的主观评价可视为一种指标,判断景区声景所处的评价阶段,从而为景区声景观改善提供更有针对性的建议。 相似文献
18.
S. D. Campos 《中国物理C(英文版)》2020,44(10):103103-103103-10
This work presents the subtraction procedure and the Regge cut in the logarithmic Regge pole approach. The subtraction mechanism leads to the same asymptotic behavior as previously obtained in the non-subtraction case. The Regge cut, in contrast, introduces a clear role to the non-leading contributions for the asymptotic behavior of the total cross-section. From these results, some simple parameterization is introduced to fit the experimental data for the proton-proton and antiproton-proton total cross-section above some minimum value up to the cosmic-ray. The fit parameters obtained are used to present predictions for the \begin{document}$ \rho(s)$\end{document}
-parameter as well as to the elastic slope \begin{document}$ B(s)$\end{document}
at high energies. 相似文献
19.
采用溶胶-凝胶法成功制备出系列Eu3+掺杂和Li+、Eu3+共掺杂Gd2ZnTiO6红色荧光粉,并研究Li+、Eu3+掺杂对样品的晶体结构、微观形貌及发光性能的影响。结果显示,所制备的Gd2ZnTiO6∶Eu3+,Li+(GZT∶Eu3+,Li+) 荧光粉为双钙钛矿结构,属于单斜晶系(空间群:P21/n),大小为10 μm的无规则形状的颗粒。在395 nm近紫外光的激发下,GZT∶Eu3+的发射光谱展示出典型的Eu3+线状特征光谱,发射峰中心位于615 nm处,归属于Eu3+的5D0→7F2跃迁。Eu3+的最佳掺杂浓度为0.07(摩尔分数),样品显示明显的浓度猝灭效应,其机制为电偶极子-电偶极子(d-d)相互作用。此外,研究还发现,Li+掺杂对样品的晶体结构、微观形貌没有影响,但是一定量的Li+掺杂可以显著增强样品的荧光强度。当Li+浓度为0.05时,荧光粉发射主峰强度增强程度最大,提高至原来的4.3倍,说明通过Li+、Eu3+共掺杂可以获得高亮度的GZT红色荧光粉。GZT∶0.14Eu3+,0.05Li+荧光粉的CIE色坐标为(0.631 1,0.375 3)与标准红光色坐标(0.670,0.330)较为接近,是一种潜在的LED用红色荧光粉。 相似文献
20.
This study compares the physicochemical properties of six electrolytes comprising of three salts: LiFTFSI, NaFTFSI and KFTFSI in two solvent mixtures, the binary (3EC/7EMC) and the ternary (EC/PC/3DMC). The transport properties (conductivity, viscosity) as a function of temperature and concentration were modeled using the extended Jones-Dole-Kaminsky equation, the Arrhenius model, and the Eyring theory of transition state for activated complexes. Results are discussed in terms of ionicity, solvation shell, and cross-interactions between electrolyte components. The application of the six formulated electrolytes in symmetrical activated carbon (AC)//AC supercapacitors (SCs) was characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic cycling with potential limitation (GCPL), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and accelerated aging. Results revealed that the geometrical flexibility of the FTFSI anion allows it to access and diffuse easily in AC whereas its counter ions (Li+, Na+ or K+) can remain trapped in porosity. However, this drawback was partially resolved by mixing LiFTFSI and KFTFSI salts in the electrolyte. 相似文献